Glossary of Terms in Protection and Automation

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Acronym Symbol	Term	Source	Definition	IEC 61850 Equivalent	Comments/References
3		IEEE C37.2	Checking or interlocking relay	CILO
14		IEEE C37.2	Zero speed and under speed	PZSU
21		IEEE C37.2	Distance relay	PDIS PSCH	IEC uses one instance per zone to build line-protection schemes
21		CIGRE TB 463	Distance relay	PDIS PSCH	Z<
24		IEEE C37.2	Volts per Hz	PVPH
24		CIGRE TB 463	Over-excitation (Volts per Hertz) relay	PVPH	U/f
25		IEEE C37.2	Synchronism-check	RSYN
27		CIGRE TB 463	Under-voltage relay	PTUV	U<
27		IEEE C37.2	(Time) Under voltage	PTUV	U<
32		IEEE C37.2	Directional power / reverse power	PDOP or PDUP	Directional over power Directional underpower Reverse power modeled by PDOP plus additional mode “reverse”
32		CIGRE TB 463	Directional power (Low forward power) relay	PDPR	P<
37		IEEE C37.2	Undercurrent / underpower	PTUC PDUP	Undercurrent Underpower
37		CIGRE TB 463	Under-current or under-power relay		X<
40		IEEE C37.2	Loss of field /Under excitation	PDUP	Directional underpower
40		CIGRE TB 463	Field (over/under excitation) relay; loss of field		I<
46		CIGRE TB 463	Reverse-phase or phase-balance current (-ve phase sequence) relay		I₂>
49		CIGRE TB 463	Machine or transformer thermal (thermal overload) relay		I₂t
50		CIGRE TB 463	Instantaneous overcurrent relay	PIOC	I>
51		CIGRE TB 463	AC inverse time overcurrent relay	PTOC	I>
59		CIGRE TB 463	Overvoltage relay	PTOV	U>
60		CIGRE TB 463	Voltage or current balance (fuse failure) relay		ΔU
67		CIGRE TB 463	AC directional overcurrent relay	PTOC	I>®
78		CIGRE TB 463	Phase angle measuring (Out of step [IWD:pole slip]) relay		dZ/dt
89		IEEE C37.2	Circuit switcher, isolating switch	XSWI
16EC		IEEE C37.2	Security processing function - see also 16SC		VPN, encryption module, etc.
16EF		IEEE C37.2	Firewall		Or message filtering function
16EM		IEEE C37.2	Network managed function		(e.g., configured via SNMP)
16ER		IEEE C37.2	Router
16ERFCM		IEEE C37.2	Ethernet router with firewall, VPN for secure communications
16ES		IEEE C37.2	Ethernet Switch - see also 16SS
16ESM		IEEE C37.2	Ethernet managed switch
16SC		IEEE C37.2	Security processing function - see also 16EC		VPN, encryption module, etc.
16SCT		IEEE C37.2	Serial encrypting modem
16SS		IEEE C37.2	Dial-up port Switch - see also 16ES
16ST		IEEE C37.2	Auto-answer modem or telephone switch
32R		CIGRE TB 463	Reverse power relay		-P>
51N		CIGRE TB 463	AC inverse time neutral overcurrent (zero phase sequence) relay	PTOC	In>
51V		CIGRE TB 463	Voltage controlled / dependant time overcurrent relay		I(U)>
59N		CIGRE TB 463	Zero phase sequence overvoltage	PTOV	U>
64R		CIGRE TB 463	Rotor ground detector (rotor earth fault) relay		Re<
64S			Ground detector (100% stator earth fault [IWD:third harmonic, low frequency voltage injection])		R<, U_03h
67N		CIGRE TB 463	Directional earth fault	PTOC	I₀>®
81O		CIGRE TB 463	Over-frequency relay	PTOF	f>
81U		CIGRE TB 463	Under-frequency relay	PTUF	f<
87B		CIGRE TB 463	Bus Differential relay	PDIF	ΔI
87B		IEEE C37.2	Differential bus bar protection	PDIF or PDIR	Bus bar differential or Fault direction comparison
87G		IEEE C37.2	Generator differential	PDIF
87G		CIGRE TB 463	Generator Differential relay	PDIF	ΔI
87L		IEEE C37.2	Differential line	PDIF
87M		IEEE C37.2	Motor differential	PDIF
87N		IEEE C37.2	Restricted earth fault	PDIF
87P		IEEE C37.2	Phase comparison	PDIF
87T		CIGRE TB 463	Transformer Differential relay	PDIF	ΔI
87T		IEEE C37.2	Differential transformer protection	PDIF PHAR	Differential transformer Harmonic restraint
AC		CIGRE TB 427	Access Control
ACSI		IEC 61850	Abstract Communication Service Interface
AEMO	Australian Energy Market Operator	Australia
AES		CIGRE TB 427	Advanced Encryption System
AFD		IEEE C37.2	Arc flash detector
ANCR		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Automation: Neutral Current Regulator control
ARCO		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Automation: Reactive power control
ARIS		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Automation: Resistor control
ASM		CIGRE TB 427	Automatic Software Management
ATCC		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Automation: tap changer controller
AVCO		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Automation: Voltage control
CALH		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Control: Alarm handling
CBF	Circuit Breaker Fail	CIGRE TB 431	see ‘circuit breaker failure protection’
CC	Coordination Center [IWD:CERT-CC]	CIGRE TB 427
CCGR		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Control: Cooling group control
CERT	Computer Emergency Response Team	CIGRE TB 427
CID	Configured IED Description	IEC 61850	A file, the specific file extracted from the SCD file that contains all information available in SCL that is relevant to configure the specific IED.
CILO		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Control: Interlocking
CLK		IEEE C37.2	Clock (or timing source in IEEE Std C37.2)		GPS or IRIG receiver
CMVP	Cryptographic Module Validation Program	CIGRE TB 427
COMTRADE	Common Format for Transient Data Exchange	IEEE C37.111
CPNI	Centre for Protection of National Infrastructure [IWD:UK]	CIGRE TB 427
CPOW		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Control: Point-on-wave switching
CSWI		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Control: Switch controller
CSYN		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Control: Synchronizer controller
DC	Data Confidentiality	CIGRE TB 427
DCCT		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Distributed Energy Resources: DER economic dispatch parameters
DCF	Data communications facility	Australia	(d) any data concentrator or intervening facility; and(e) power supply equipment for items (a) to (d) above. For the purposes of this definition, high voltage measurement transformers, transducers, together with the associated wiring, do not provide a data communication function.’
DCHB		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Distributed Energy Resources: Boiler
DCHC		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Distributed Energy Resources: CHP system controller
DCIP		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Distributed Energy Resources: Reciprocating engine
DCRP		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Distributed Energy Resources: DER plant corporate characteristics at the ECP
DCTS		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Distributed Energy Resources: Thermal storage
DDR	Digital Disturbance Recorder	IEEE C37.2	Non fault disturbance recording (mainly analog)	RDRE RADR RBDR	generally of much longer duration that DFR and not necessarily related to a protection trip
DEXC		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Distributed Energy Resources: Excitation
DFCL		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Distributed Energy Resources: Fuel cell controller
DFLV		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Distributed Energy Resources: Fuel delivery system
DFPM		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Distributed Energy Resources: Fuel processing module
DFR	Digital fault recorders	CIGRE TB 424	The modern DFR’s are highly accurate recording instruments providing sampled waveform and contact data using relatively high sampling rate (typically above 1 KHz). Their use in the analysis is quite appropriate since they provide recordings of the waveforms that were also “seen” by the protective relays [APB5:6]. The digital fault recording function can also be found inside digital protection relays, power quality monitors and IED’s.
DFR	Digital Fault Recorder	IEEE C37.2	Fault recording (analog and binary signals)	RDRE RADR RBDR	generally maximum of a few seconds duration and initiated by a protection trip
DGEN		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Distributed Energy Resources: DER unit generator
DI	Data Integrity	CIGRE TB 427
DiD	Defense in Depth	CIGRE TB 427
DMZ	Demilitarized Zone	CIGRE TB 427
DOPA		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Distributed Energy Resources: DER operational authority at the ECP
DOPM		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Distributed Energy Resources: Operating mode at ECP
DOPR		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Distributed Energy Resources: Operational characteristics at ECP
DoS	Denial of Service	CIGRE TB 427
DPR	Digital Protective Relays	CIGRE TB 424	The digital protective relay, also called a numeric relay by some manufacturers and resources, refers to a protective relay that uses an advanced microprocessor to analyze power system voltages and currents for the purpose of detection of faults in an electric power system.
DPST		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Distributed Energy Resources: Status information at the ECP
DPVA		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Distributed Energy Resources: Photovoltaics array characteristics
DPVC		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Distributed Energy Resources: Photovoltaics array controller
DPVM		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Distributed Energy Resources: Photovoltaics module ratings
DRAT		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Distributed Energy Resources: DER generator ratings
DRAZ		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Distributed Energy Resources: DER advanced generator ratings
DRCC		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Distributed Energy Resources: DER supervisory control
DRCS		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Distributed Energy Resources: DER controller status
DRCT		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Distributed Energy Resources: DER controller characteristics
DREX		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Distributed Energy Resources: Excitation ratings
DSCC		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Distributed Energy Resources: DER energy and/or ancillary services schedule
DSCH		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Distributed Energy Resources: DER energy and/or ancillary services schedule
DSFC		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Distributed Energy Resources: Speed/Frequency controller
DSTK		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Distributed Energy Resources: Fuel cell stack
DTRC		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Distributed Energy Resources: Tracking controller
dZ/dt			Phase angle measuring (Out of step [IWD:pole slip]) relay		78
ENV	Environmental data	IEEE C37.2	Weather, ice, geomagnetic disturbances, earthquakes, etc.
EPRI	Electric Power Research Institute	CIGRE TB 427
ES-ISAC	Electricity Sector --Information Sharing and Analysis Center	CIGRE TB 427
f<			Under-frequency relay		81U
f>			Over-frequency relay		81O
FAT	Factory Acceptance Testing		These tests shall prove functional operation of the SAS according to the specification(s) with the exception of simulated of primary plant connections.
FCNT		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Functional blocks: Counter
FCSD		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Functional blocks: Curve Shap Description
FERC	Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [IWD:US]	CIGRE TB 427
FFIL		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Functional blocks: Generic filter
FIPS	Federal Information Processing Standards [IWD:US]	CIGRE TB 427
FIRST	Forum of Incident Response and Security Teams	CIGRE TB 427
FLIM		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Functional blocks: Control function output limitation
FPID		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Functional blocks: PID regulator
FRMP		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Functional blocks: Ramp function
FSEQ		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Functional blocks: Sequencer
FSPT		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Functional blocks: Set-point control function
FXOT		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Functional blocks: Action at over threshold
FXUT		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Functional blocks: Action at under threshold
GAPC		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Generic References: Generic automatic process control
GGIO		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Generic References: Generic process I/O
GLOG		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Generic References: Generic log
GOOSE	Generic Object Oriented Substation Event	IEC 61850	a specific message sent as a consequence of a certain circumstance occurring in the substation detected by the publisher rather than a message sent in response to a request for information. This message is repeated at a decreasing rate, as distinct from a report issued once.
GSAL		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Generic References: Generic security application
HBRG		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Hydro: Turbine – generator shaft bearing
HCOM		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Hydro: Combinator
HDAM		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Hydro: Hydropower dam
HDLS		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Hydro: Dam leakage supervision
HGPI		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Hydro: Gate position indicator
HGTE		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Hydro: Dam gate
HITG		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Hydro: Intake gate
HIZ	High impedance fault detector	IEEE C37.2	On grounded systems
HJCL		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Hydro: Joint control
HLKG		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Hydro: Leakage supervision
HLVL		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Hydro: Water level indicator
HMBR		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Hydro: Mechanical brake
HMI	Human Machine Interface	IEEE C37.2	Displays for operator control
HMI	Human Machine Interface	CIGRE TB 427
HNDL		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Hydro: Needle control
HNHD		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Hydro: Water net head data
HOTP		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Hydro: Dam over-topping protection
HRES		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Hydro: Hydropower/water reservoir
HSEQ		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Hydro: Hydropower unit sequencer
HSPD		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Hydro: Speed monitoring
HST	Historian	IEEE C37.2	Stores data
HUNT		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Hydro: Hydropower unit
HWCL		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Hydro: Water control
I(U)>			Voltage controlled / dependant time overcurrent relay		51V
I<			Field (over/under excitation) relay; loss of field		40
I>			AC inverse time overcurrent relay	PTOC	51
I>			Instantaneous overcurrent relay	PTOC	50
I>®			AC directional overcurrent relay	PTOC + RDIR	67
I₀>®			Directional earth fault	PTOC + RDIR	67N
I₂>			Reverse-phase or phase-balance current (-ve phase sequence) relay		46
I₂t			Machine or transformer thermal (thermal overload) relay		49
IARC		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Interfacing and Archiving: Archiving
ICD	IED Capability Description	IEC 61850	A file, which describes the total capability of the device including the data model for a specific type of application as a template that can then be instantiated during system engineering. It has a reference “TEMPLATE”
ICT	Information and Communication Technologies	CIGRE TB 427
IEC	International Electrotechnical Commission	CIGRE TB 427
IED	Intelligent electronic devices	CIGRE TB 424	The modern IED’s are available today for variety of applications ranging from simple stand alone controllers and dedicated data recording systems to pretty complex integrated devices for monitoring, control and protection of the entire substation bay. The main issue with IED’s, when used for the analysis, is the “open” communication architecture and data recording performance
IED	Intelligent Electronic Device	CIGRE TB 427	any electronic device with communication capabilities that forms part of the SAS. This includes electronic interfaces to primary plant (such as switchgear, transformers, capacitors, reactors, SVC, and FACTS) for operation control and status, instrument transformers with serial communications capability, protective relays, control equipment, gateways, SCADA equipment and operator interfaces.
IEEE	Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers	CIGRE TB 427
IETF	Internet Engineering Task Force	CIGRE TB 427
IHMI		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Interfacing and Archiving: Human machine interface
IID	Instantiated IED Description	IEC 61850	A file, an extract of the SCD file which describes the data model portion of an instance of an IED. It has an instance name (i.e. not TEMPLATE) and hence is not the same as an ICD file. It does not contain all the configuration of messages and hence is not the same as a CID file
IM	Identity Management	CIGRE TB 427
I_n>			AC inverse time neutral overcurrent (zero phase sequence) relay		51N
INL	Idaho National Laboratory	CIGRE TB 427
IOU	Independent Operated Utility	CIGRE TB 427
ISA	The International Society of Automation	CIGRE TB 427
ISAF		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Interfacing and Archiving: Safety alarm function
ISD	Intelligent Substation Device		– see IED
ISO	International Organization for Standardization	CIGRE TB 427
IT	Information Technology	CIGRE TB 427
ITCI		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Interfacing and Archiving: Telecontrol interface
ITMI		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Interfacing and Archiving: Telemonitoring interface
ITPC		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Interfacing and Archiving: Teleprotection communication interfaces
KFAN		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Mechanical and non-electric primary equipment: Fan
KFIL		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Mechanical and non-electric primary equipment: Filter
KPMP		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Mechanical and non-electric primary equipment: Pump
KTNK		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Mechanical and non-electric primary equipment: Tank
KVLV		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Mechanical and non-electric primary equipment: Valve control
LAN	Local Area Network		the Ethernet network providing communications within the substation.
LCCH		IEC 61850	Logical Node: System: Physical communication channel supervision
LGC	Logic, scheme	IEEE C37.2	For interlocking or remedial action schemes
LGOS		IEC 61850	Logical Node: System: GOOSE subscription
LLN0		IEC 61850	Logical Node: System: Logical node zero
LN	Logical node	IEC 61850-7-4	Logical nodes
LPHD		IEC 61850	Logical Node: System: Physical device information
LSVS		IEC 61850	Logical Node: System: Sampled value subscription
LTIM		IEC 61850	Logical Node: System: Time management
LTMS		IEC 61850	Logical Node: System: Time master supervision
LTRK		IEC 61850	Logical Node: System: Service tracking
MAC	Message Authentication Code or Media Access Control	CIGRE TB 427
MD	Message Digest	CIGRE TB 427
MENV		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Metering and measurement: Environmental information
MET	Substation metering	IEEE C37.2	Energy, amps, volts, watts, vars, power factor, demand	MMTR, MMXU
MFLK		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Metering and measurement: Flicker measurement
MFLW		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Metering and measurement: Flow measurements
MFUL		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Metering and measurement: Fuel characteristics
MHAI		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Metering and measurement: Harmonics or interharmonics
MHAN		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Metering and measurement: Non-phase-related harmonics or interharmonics
MHET		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Metering and measurement: Heat measured values
MHYD		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Metering and measurement: Hydrological information
MICS		IEC 61850	Model Implementation Conformance Statement
MMDC		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Metering and measurement: DC measurement
MMET		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Metering and measurement: Meteorological information
MMTN		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Metering and measurement: Metering
MMTR		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Metering and measurement: Metering
MMXN		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Metering and measurement: Non-phase-related measurement
MMXU		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Metering and measurement: Measurement
MPRS		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Metering and measurement: Pressure measurements
MSMUG	Microsoft Manufacturing Users Group	CIGRE TB 427
MSQI		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Metering and measurement: Sequence and imbalance
MSTA		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Metering and measurement: Metering statistics
MU	Merging Unit	IEC 61850 IEC 60044-8	A device that converts an analogue measurement into IEC 61850 Sampled Values according to IEC 61850-9. This device may have conventional 1A/110V inputs or may use non conventional optical or Rogowski coil sensor technology.
NERC	North American Electric Reliability Corporation	CIGRE TB 427
NIST	National Institute of Standards and Technology	CIGRE TB 427
NRA	Network Resource Availability	CIGRE TB 427
P<			Directional power (Low forward power) relay		32
-P>			Reverse power relay		32R
PAS	Publicly Available Specification	CIGRE TB 427
PB	Process bus	IEC 61850	Part of the SAS communication network that handles bay-to-equipment signals, for example, switchgear open/closed status, trip/close commands, current and voltage measurement sampled values, plant condition monitoring signals. This bus may or may not be a separate physical communication network to the station bus.
PDC	Phasor data concentrator	IEEE C37.2	Assembles and forwards PMU data
PDIF		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection: Differential
PDIR		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection: Directional comparison
PDIS		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection: Distance
PDOP		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection: Directional over power
PDU	Protocol Data Unit	CIGRE TB 427
PDUP		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection: Directional under power
PFRC		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection: Rate of change of frequency
PHAR		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection: Harmonic restraint
PHIZ		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection: Ground detector
PICOM		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Piece of Information for Communication
PICS		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protocol Implementation Conformance Statement
PIES	Protection and Indication Equipment Schedule	Australia	specifies protection hardware and CT/VT requirements for a substation.
PIOC		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection: Instantaneous over current
PIXIT		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protocol Implementation eXtra Information for Testing
PMRI		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection: Motor restart inhibit
PMSS		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection: Motor starting time supervision
PMU	Phasor Measurement Units	CIGRE TB 424	A generic device that calculates phasors from voltage and/or current inputs [APB5:8].
PMU	Phasor measurement unit	IEEE C37.2	Calculates and stores synchrophasors
POPF		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection: Over power factor
PPAM		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection: Phase angle measuring
PQM	Power quality monitor	IEEE C37.2	RMS and frequency variations, transients, harmonics
PRTR		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection: Rotor protection
PSCH		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection: Protection scheme
PSDE		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection: Sensitive directional earthfault
PSRC	Power System Relaying Committee	CIGRE TB 427
PTEF		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection: Transient earth fault
PTHF		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection: Thyristor protection
PTOC		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection: Time overcurrent
PTOF		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection: Overfrequency
PTOV		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection: Overvoltage
PTRC		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection: Protection trip conditioning
PTTR		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection: Thermal overload
PTUC		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection: Undercurrent
PTUF		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection: Underfrequency
PTUV		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection: Undervoltage
PUPF		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection: Underpower factor
PVOC		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection: Voltage controlled time overcurrent
PVPH		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection: Volts per Hz
PZSU		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection: Zero speed or underspeed
QFVR		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Power quality events: Frequency variation
QITR		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Power quality events: Current transient
QIUB		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Power quality events: Current unbalance variation
QVTR		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Power quality events: Voltage transient
QVUB		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Power quality events: Voltage unbalance variation
QVVR		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Power quality events: Voltage variation
R<, U_03h			Ground detector (100% stator earth fault [IWD:third harmonic, low frequency voltage injection])		64S
RADIUS	Remote Authentication Dial-In Service	CIGRE TB 427
RADR		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection related functions: Disturbance recorder channel analogue
RBAC	Role Based Access Control	CIGRE TB 427
RBDR		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection related functions: Disturbance recorder channel binary
RBRF		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection related functions: Breaker failure
RDIR		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection related functions: Directional element
RDRE		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection related functions: Disturbance recorder function
RDRS		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection related functions: Disturbance record handling
Re<			Rotor ground detector (rotor earth fault) relay		64R
RFC	Request for Comment	CIGRE TB 427
RFLO		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection related functions: Fault locator
RIO	Remote input /output device	IEEE C37.2	Substation data repository
RMXU		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection related functions: Differential measurements
RPSB		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection related functions: Power swing detection/blocking
RREC		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection related functions: Autoreclosing
RSYN		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Protection related functions: Synchronism-check
RTU	Remote Terminal Units	CIGRE TB 424	The entire complement of devices, functional modules, and assemblies that are electrically interconnected to effect the remote station supervisory functions. The equipment includes the interface with the communication channel but does not include the interconnecting channel. During communication with a master station the remote station is the subordinate in the communication hierarchy [APB5:7]. The modern RTU can be a very sophisticated recording instrument that may have a recording performance of a DFR, and at the same time may be producing a variety of pre-calculated quantities. In addition, some advanced RTUs will provide an extensive SER and some limited digital protection relay functions. Due to the fact that RTUs are a part of the Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system, the data is readily available for the analysis at the centralized location through a SCADA database
RTU	Remote Terminal Unit	IEEE C37.2	Also serves as data concentrator
SARC		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Supervision and monitoring: Monitoring and diagnostics for arcs
SAS	Substation Automation System		generally secondary systems incorporating the IEDs involved in protection, control, condition monitoring and SCADA of the substation employing communication systems rather than copper wires for signalling between the IEDs. Whilst this applies to any form of communication system, in particular it incorporates IEC 61850 technology.
SAT	Site Acceptance Testing		designed to prove the installation and configuration of the SAS according to the specification(s), and that the SAS operates correctly in conjunction with the primary equipment.
SB	Station Bus	IEC 61850	Part of the SAS communication network that handles bay-to-station level signals (SCADA traffic) and inter-bay protection communications. This bus may or may not be a separate physical communication network to the process bus.
SCADA	Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition	CIGRE TB 424	A system operating with coded signals over communication channels so as to provide control of RTU equipment. The supervisory system may be combined with a data acquisition system by adding the use of coded signals over communication channels to acquire information about the status of the RTU equipment for display or for recording functions
SCADA	Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
SCBR		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Supervision and monitoring: Circuit breaker Supervision
SCD	System Configuration Description	IEC 61850	A file, which contains the complete configuration of the SAS with every device, signal and parameter defined within it, as well as the communication network and the single line topology.
SCL	System Configuration Language	IEC 61850-6	the system of XML files and engineering process used to manage the specification and implementation of IEC 61850 systems.
SCSM	Specific Communication Service Mapping	CIGRE TB 427
SED	System Exchange Description	IEC 61850-6	A file, which contains the information of relevance to be exchanged between two SCL projects for the purpose of configuring information exchange between two subsystems that are handled as individual SCL projects.
SER	Sequence of Event Recorders	CIGRE TB 424	The modern SER’s are complex recording instruments implemented today using programmable logic controllers (PLC’s) and analogue waveform data acquisition subsystems. The SER’s are capable of monitoring changes in the switching equipment status with high precision due to a high data sampling rate. Combined with measurements of analog signals, the SER’s can record the status change for a variety of controllers including the ones that are based on analog set points. Most of the SER’s can also be set to provide control function through a number of control outputs
SER	Sequence of events recorder	IEEE C37.2	Time tagged event data
SIMG		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Supervision and monitoring: Insulation medium Supervision (gas)
SIML		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Supervision and monitoring: Insulation medium Supervision (liquid)
SLTC		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Supervision and monitoring: Tap changer Supervision
SMV	Sampled Measured Value	CIGRE TB 427
SOE	Sequence-of-events function	CIGRE TB 424	The capability of a supervisory system to recognize each predefined event, associate a time of occurrence with each event, and present the event data in order of occurrence of the events
SOPM		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Supervision and monitoring: Supervision of operating mechanism
SPDC		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Supervision and monitoring: Monitoring and diagnostics for partial discharges
SPTR		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Supervision and monitoring: Power transformer Supervision
SSD	System Specification Description	IEC 61850-6	A file, which defines the substation primary plant and secondary system functional requirements and relationships.
SSL	Secure Socket Layer	CIGRE TB 427
SSWI		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Supervision and monitoring: Circuit switch Supervision
STMP		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Supervision and monitoring: Temperature Supervision
SVBR		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Supervision and monitoring: Vibration Supervision
TANG		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Instrument transformers and sensors: Angle
TAXD		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Instrument transformers and sensors: Axial displacement
TCM	Trip circuit monitor	IEEE C37.2
TCTR		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Instrument transformers and sensors: Current transformer
TDST		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Instrument transformers and sensors: Distance
TFLW		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Instrument transformers and sensors: Liquid flow
TFRQ		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Instrument transformers and sensors: Frequency
TGSN		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Instrument transformers and sensors: Generic sensor
THUM		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Instrument transformers and sensors: Humidity
TISP	The Infrastructure Security Partnership	CIGRE TB 427
Tissue	Technical Issue	IEC 61850	Technical issues relating to problems as raised by any user and their resolutions, managed by tissuesgroup@ucausersgroup.org.
TLEV		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Instrument transformers and sensors: Level sensor
TLS	Transport Layer Security	CIGRE TB 427
TLVL		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Instrument transformers and sensors: Media level
TMGF		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Instrument transformers and sensors: Magnetic field
TMVM		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Instrument transformers and sensors: Movement sensor
TPOS		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Instrument transformers and sensors: Position indicator
TPRS		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Instrument transformers and sensors: Pressure sensor
TRE	Timely Response to Event	CIGRE TB 427
TRTN		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Instrument transformers and sensors: Rotation transmitter
TSND		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Instrument transformers and sensors: Sound pressure sensor
TTMP		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Instrument transformers and sensors: Temperature sensor
TTNS		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Instrument transformers and sensors: Mechanical tension / stress
TVBR		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Instrument transformers and sensors: Vibration sensor
TVTR		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Instrument transformers and sensors: Voltage transformer
TWPH		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Instrument transformers and sensors: Water acidity
U/f			Over-excitation (Volts per Hertz) relay		24
U<			Under-voltage relay	PTUV	27
U>			Overvoltage relay	PTOV	59
U>			Zero phase sequence overvoltage	PTOV	59N
UC	Use Control	CIGRE TB 427
VLAN	Virtual Local Area network	CIGRE TB 427
VPN	Virtual Private network	CIGRE TB 427
VSL	Violation Severity Levels	CIGRE TB 427
WALG		IEC61400-25-4	Logical Node: Wind: Wind turbine analogue log information
WALM		IEC61400-25-4	Logical Node: Wind: Wind power plant alarm information
WAPC		IEC61400-25-4	Logical Node: Wind: Wind power plant active power control information
WCNV		IEC61400-25-4	Logical Node: Wind: Wind turbine converter information
WCON		IEC61400-25-4	Logical Node: Wind: Wind turbine condition monitoring information
WGEN		IEC61400-25-4	Logical Node: Wind: Wind turbine generator information
WMET		IEC61400-25-4	Logical Node: Wind: Wind power plant meteorological information
WNAC		IEC61400-25-4	Logical Node: Wind: Wind turbine nacelle information
WREP		IEC61400-25-4	Logical Node: Wind: Wind turbine report information
WROT		IEC61400-25-4	Logical Node: Wind: Wind turbine rotor information
WRPC		IEC61400-25-4	Logical Node: Wind: Wind power plant reactive power control information
WSLG		IEC61400-25-4	Logical Node: Wind: Wind turbine state log information
WTOW		IEC61400-25-4	Logical Node: Wind: Wind turbine tower information
WTRF		IEC61400-25-4	Logical Node: Wind: Wind turbine transformer information
WTRM		IEC61400-25-4	Logical Node: Wind: Wind turbine transmission information
WTUR		IEC61400-25-4	Logical Node: Wind: Wind turbine general information
WYAW		IEC61400-25-4	Logical Node: Wind: Wind turbine yawing information
X<			Under-current or under-power relay		37
XCBR		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Switchgear: Circuit breaker
XFUS		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Switchgear: Fuse
XML	eXtensible Mark Up Language		a structured text file used for defining information relevant to the application in a form recognised by all devices using the particular schema definition
XSWI		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Switchgear: Circuit switch
YEFN		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Power transformers: Earth fault neutralizer (Petersen coil)
YLTC		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Power transformers: Tap changer
YPSH		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Power transformers: Power shunt
YPTR		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Power transformers: Power transformer
Z<			Distance (under impedance) relay	PDIS	21
ZAXN		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Power system equipment: Auxiliary network
ZBAT		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Power system equipment: Battery
ZBSH		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Power system equipment: Bushing
ZBTC		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Power system equipment: Battery Charger
ZCAB		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Power system equipment: Power cable
ZCAP		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Power system equipment: Capacitor bank
ZCON		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Power system equipment: Converter
ZGEN		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Power system equipment: Generator
ZGIL		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Power system equipment: Gas insulated line
ZINV		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Power system equipment: Inverter
ZLIN		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Power system equipment: Power overhead line
ZMOT		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Power system equipment: Motor
ZRCT		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Power system equipment: Rectifier
ZREA		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Power system equipment: Reactor
ZRES		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Power system equipment: Resistor
ZRRC		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Power system equipment: Rotating reactive component
ZSAR		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Power system equipment: Surge arrestor
ZSCR		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Power system equipment: Semi-conductor controlled rectifier
ZSMC		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Power system equipment: Synchronous machine
ZTCF		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Power system equipment: Thyristor controlled frequency converter
ZTCR		IEC 61850	Logical Node: Power system equipment: Thyristor controlled reactive component
ΔI			Bus Differential relay	PDIF	87B
ΔI			Generator Differential relay	PDIF	87G
ΔI			Transformer Differential relay	PDIF	87T
ΔU			Voltage or current balance (fuse failure) relay		60
	Directional element	IEEE C37.2	Directional element for modelling directed protection with Pxyz nodes	RDIR
	Fault Locator	IEEE C37.2	Calculates the location of the fault	RFLO
	Alarm condition	CIGRE TB 424	A predefined change in the state or condition of equipment or the failure of equipment to respond correctly. Indication may be audible or visual, or both
	Alarm SCADA function	CIGRE TB 424	The capability of a supervisory system to accomplish a predefined action in response to an alarm condition
	Asset	CIGRE TB 427	A useful or valuable quality, person, or thing; an advantage or resource.
	Audit	CIGRE TB 427	1. An independent examination of processes and data to assess compliance with specifications, standards, contractual agreements or other criteria. 2. An assessment of data logs and traces to determine that a cyber security intrusion has occurred.
	Authentication	CIGRE TB 427	The process by which you prove that you are eligible to join a network. A challenge process to prove (validate) the identification provided; e.g., a fingerprint (identification) to access a computer via a biometric device (authentication). The biometric device authenticates the identity of the fingerprint.
	Authenticator	CIGRE TB 427	An entity that controls the access gate
	Authorization	CIGRE TB 427	Access privileges granted to an entity; conveys an “official” sanction to perform a security function or activity.
	Authorizer	CIGRE TB 427	An entity that grants privileges
	Availability	IEC 60870-4	the ability of a unit or a system to perform its required function at any given moment
	Availability	CIGRE TB 427	Ensuring timely and reliable access to and use of information
	back-tripping	CIGRE TB 431	To effect the high-speed tripping of all circuit-breakers selected to a particular busbar and to adjacent busbars
	back-up protection	CIGRE TB 431	Protection which is intended to operate when a system fault is not cleared, or abnormal condition not detected, in the required time because of failure or inability of other protection to operate or failure of the appropriate circuit breaker(s) to trip
	bay	CIGRE TB 431	The part of a substation within which the switchgear and control gear relating to a given circuit is contained
	bay unit	CIGRE TB 431	A bay unit within a numerical busbar and breaker-failure protection is the interface between the protection and the primary system process comprising the main CTs, disconnectors and circuit-breaker and performs the associated data acquisition, pre-processing and control functions. It also provides the electrical insulation between the primary system and the internal electronics of the protection.
	BBP	CIGRE TB 431	see ‘busbar protection’
	Blackout	CIGRE TB 427	An unplanned and uncontrolled interruption of a major part of the power system, leaving a large number of consumers without electricity. A “major” part of the power system includes at least a portion of the transmission network; i.e., an interruption in a large distribution network is not characterized as a blackout.
	blind spot	CIGRE TB 431	see ‘dead zone’
	blind zone	CIGRE TB 431	see ‘dead zone’
	breaker failure protection (USA)	CIGRE TB 431	see ‘circuit breaker failure protection’
	burden	CIGRE TB 431	(of an instrument transformer) The impedance of the secondary circuit
	bus coupler circuit-breaker	CIGRE TB 431	In a substation a circuit-breaker which is located between two busbars and which permits the busbars to be coupled; it may be associated with selectors in case of more than two busbars
	bus image	CIGRE TB 431	see ‘dynamic bus replica’
	bus mimic	CIGRE TB 431	see ‘dynamic bus replica’
	bus section circuit-breaker	CIGRE TB 431	In a substation a circuit-breaker which is located between two busbar sections of the same bar and which permits two sections to be coupled
	busbar	CIGRE TB 431	A low impedance conductor to which several electric circuits can be separately connected
	busbar blocking scheme	CIGRE TB 431	A busbar protection scheme utilizing non-directional and/or directional overcurrent relays or distance relays to provide a simple busbar protection at distribution substations
	busbar protection	CIGRE TB 431	Protection intended to operate to initiate fault clearance on a busbar
	busbar section	CIGRE TB 431	The part of a busbar located between switching devices as circuit breakers or disconnectors put in series or between a switching device and the end of the busbar
	busbar section disconnector	CIGRE TB 431	A disconnector which is connected in series between two busbar sections, in order to disconnect them from each other
	busbars	CIGRE TB 431	In a substation, the busbar assembly necessary to make a common connection for several circuits
	bus-tie circuit-breaker	CIGRE TB 431	see bus coupler and bus section circuit-breaker
	central unit	CIGRE TB 431	The central unit within a numerical busbar and breaker-failure protection is the system manager typically used for system configuration, operating parameters, busbar replica, assignment of bays, system synchronization, communications control etc.
	check zone	CIGRE TB 431	The non-selective part of a multi-zone busbar protection generally supervising current flow at the terminals of the complete station. Note: Tripping from the busbar protection is conditional on operation of both the check and a discriminating zone.
	circuit-breaker failure protection	CIGRE TB 431	A protection which is designed to clear a system fault by initiating tripping of other circuit breaker(s) in the case of failure to trip of the appropriate circuit breaker
	circulating current differential		see high impedance differential
	Client/server	IEC 61850	The client is the recipient of the information. The server is the provider of the information.
	Component	CIGRE TB 424	A component is a device which performs a major operating function, and which is regarded as an entity when analyzing data.
	Confidentiality	CIGRE TB 427	Mechanisms that protect against the inadvertent or malicious disclosure of sensitive information
	Control architecture	CIGRE TB 427	“Architecture” denotes the organizational dimension (hierarchical, functional and spatial) of the control system rather than the technological solutions (information and communication hardware, protocols, software) supporting it.
	Control system	CIGRE TB 427	A device or set of devices to manage, command, direct or regulate the behavior of other devices or systems.
	Corporate network		The entire corporate network used for all business systems, excluding the automation network, and excluding real-time reporting from the SAS.
	Criticality	CIGRE TB 427	The extent the failure of the considered function has the potential to lead to a major outage.
	Cryptography	CIGRE TB 427	The study of making and breaking encryption algorithms
	Cyber security	CIGRE TB 427	Measures taken to electronically and digitally protect computers and computer networks from accidental or malicious harm.
	Cyber-security	CIGRE TB 427	as defined by Webster Dictionary “measures taken to protect a computer or computer system (as on the Internet) against unauthorized access or attack.”
	Data at Rest	CIGRE TB 427	Information stored in any repository including memory registers of an IED.
	Data object	IEC 61850-7-4	Data objects as defined in IEC 61850-7-4
	dead zone	CIGRE TB 431	On bus sections and bus couplers where current transformer(s) have only been installed on one side of the circuit breaker a protection ‘blind zone’ or ‘blind spot’ will exist between the circuit breaker and it’s associated CT(s) for which faults will not be cleared.
	decentralized BBP	CIGRE TB 431	A numerical busbar protection system in which the bay units can be located close to the switchgear with short connections to current transformers, circuit-breakers, disconnectors and other bay protection devices
	Demilitarized Zone	CIGRE TB 427	(DMZ) A computer host or small network inserted as a “neutral zone” between a private network and a public network[IWD:41].
	direct transfer trip	CIGRE TB 431	see ‘intertripping’
	discriminating zone	CIGRE TB 431	The selective part of a multi-zone busbar protection, generally supervising current flow into and out of a single section of busbar
	distributed BBP	CIGRE TB 431	see ‘decentralized BBP’
	dynamic bus replica / bus image / bus mimic/ disconnector replica / zone selection	CIGRE TB 431	Utilizing built-in programmable logic the dynamic bus replica provides the capability to include and exclude currents dynamically from the differential zone without the need for external auxiliary relays. This enables the busbar protection to ‘mimic’ the actual busbar configuration whilst avoiding the switching of CT circuits and trip circuits
	End point security	CIGRE TB 427	An information security concept that basically means that each device (end-point) is responsible for its own security.
	end zone protection	CIGRE TB 431	Applies to feeder bays when current transformers are mounted on one side of the circuit breaker only, which results in a blind zone, since BBP alone cannot clear this fault.
	Entity	CIGRE TB 427	An individual (person), organization, device or process.
	Failure	CIGRE TB 424	One component fails to perform its required function.
	fault clearance	CIGRE TB 431	The disconnection from the electrical system of a defective item, by automatic or manual operations, in order to maintain or restore supply.
	fault clearance time	CIGRE TB 431	the time interval between the occurrence of a fault and the fault clearance.
	feeder bay	CIGRE TB 431	In a substation, the bay relating to a feeder or a link to a transformer, a generator or another substation
	feeder circuit breaker	CIGRE TB 431	In a substation, a circuit breaker which is located within a feeder bay and through which a feeder can be energized
	feeder disconnector	CIGRE TB 431	A disconnector which is located in series at the end of a feeder, within a substation bay, in order to isolate the feeder from the system
	Gateway		Device that aggregates SAS data for the SCADA Master Station and may provide protocol conversion.
	Hardware acceleration	CIGRE TB 427	The use of hardware to perform some function faster than is possible in software running on the general purpose CPU. Examples of hardware acceleration include instructions for complex operations in CPUs.
	Hash function	CIGRE TB 427	Any well-defined procedure or mathematical function which converts a large, possibly variable-sized amount of data into a small datum, usually a single integer that may serve as an index into an array. The values returned by a hash function are called hash values, hash codes, hash sums, or simply hashes.
	high impedance differential protection	CIGRE TB 431	Current differential protection using a current differential relay whose impedance is high compared with the impedance of the secondary circuit of the saturated current transformer
	ICT functions	CIGRE TB 427	Functions based on information and communication technology needed for power system observability and controllability. In the context of power systems, they encompass protection, monitoring, control operator decision support, system management and coordination.
	Identification	CIGRE TB 427	The process of recognizing an entity (human or device). Identification could be a password, a token or a fingerprint.
	Incident response	CIGRE TB 427	The set of processes used to minimize the impact of security incidents on substation and power system operations.
	Information assurance	CIGRE TB 427	See information security
	Information security	ISO/IEC 27000	preservation of confidentiality, integrity and availability of information
	Information security	CIGRE TB 427	Mechanisms that deal with several different “trust” aspects of information as it applies to all aspects of safeguarding or protecting information or data, in whatever form. Another common term is information assurance.
	information security.	CIGRE TB 427
	In-Service state	CIGRE TB 424	The component or unit is energized and fully connected to the system
	Integrity	CIGRE TB 427	The property that sensitive data has not been modified or deleted in an unauthorized and undetected manner.
	intertripping	CIGRE TB 431	The tripping of circuit-breaker(s) by signals initiated from protection at a remote location independent of the state of the local protection
	low impedance differential protection	CIGRE TB 431	Current differential protection using a current differential relay whose impedance is not high compared with the impedance of the secondary circuit of a saturated current transformer.
	main busbar	CIGRE TB 431	In a double, (or triple) busbar substation, any busbar which is used under normal conditions main protection [IWD:2] Protection expected to have a high priority in initiating fault clearance or an action to terminate an abnormal condition in a power system. Note: For a given item of plant, two or more main protections may be provided.
	Message protection	CIGRE TB 427	A process to ensure that once you have joined the network, you can communicate without risk of interception, modification, or other security risks
	Monitoring	CIGRE TB 427	The continuous observation of a device or system with respect to its state or any changes that may occur over time, using a measuring device of some sort.
	Multicast (GOOSE)	CIGRE TB 427	A transmission mode in which a single message is sent to multiple network destinations (i.e., one-to-many). Note, from Wikipedia: IP Multicast is a method of forwarding IP datagrams to a group of interested receivers.
	Non-repudiation	CIGRE TB 427	A service that is used to provide proof of the integrity and origin of data in such a way that the integrity and origin can be verified by a third party as having originated from a specific entity in possession of the private key of the originator.
	numeric protection	CIGRE TB 431	A numeric protection performs analogue to digital conversion on samples of the secondary voltage and/or current signals and uses numerical methods to determine relay operation on-load transfer With two busbar disconnectors simultaneously closed in one feeder bay
	Observability	CIGRE TB 427	Property of a system which implies that its initial state can be determined from input and output variables, which are observed within a finite time interval.
	Outage Occurrence	CIGRE TB 424	One component or one unit changes from the service state to the outage state.
	Outage state	CIGRE TB 424	The component or unit is not in the in-service state, that is, it is partially or fully isolated from the system.
	Password	CIGRE TB 427	A string of characters (letters, numbers, and other symbols) used to authenticate an identity or to verify access authorization.
	peripheral unit	CIGRE TB 431	see ‘bay unit’
	Phishing	CIGRE TB 427	A form of criminal activity using social engineering techniques. It is characterized by attempts to fraudulently acquire sensitive information, such as passwords and credit card details, by masquerading as a trustworthy person or business in an apparently official electronic communication. Phishing is typically done using email or an instant message. The term phishing arises from the use of increasingly sophisticated lures to “fish” for users’ financial information and passwords.
	Policy management	CIGRE TB 427	The set of processes used to define and enforce an organizational strategy including organization standards, procedures and guidelines related to
	primary protection	CIGRE TB 431	(USA) see ‘main protection’
	Privacy (Data privacy)	CIGRE TB 427	The evolving relationship between technology and the legal right to, or public expectation of privacy in, the collection and sharing of data about one’s self. Privacy concerns exist wherever uniquely identifiable data relating to a person or persons are collected and stored, in digital form or otherwise. In some cases these concerns refer to how data is collected, stored, and associated. In other cases the issue is who is given access to information. Other issues includes whether an individual has any ownership rights to data about them, and/or the right to view, verify, and challenge that information. The service used to prevent the content of messages from being read by other than the intended recipients. {Note: in this context, this technical brochure uses the term “confidentiality” instead of privacy.
	protected zone	CIGRE TB 431	The portion of a power system protected by a given protection system or a part of that protection system. The boundary of the protected zone is defined by the position of the current transformers in order to identify the location of the fault. The position of the circuit breakers is chosen in order to facilitate the isolation of the fault.
	Protection (V)LAN		The part of the station communications network used for protection signalling between protection IEDs.
	protection system	CIGRE TB 431	An arrangement of one or more protection equipments, and other devices intended to perform one or more specified protection functions
	Protocol Data Unit (PDU)	CIGRE TB 427	1. Information that is delivered as a unit among peer entities of a network and that may contain control information, address information, or data. 2. In layered systems, a unit of data that is specified in a protocol of a given layer and that consists of protocol-control information of the given layer and possibly user data of that layer.
	Proxy server	CIGRE TB 427	A process providing a cache of items available on other servers which are presumably slower or more expensive to access.
	Publisher/subscriber	IEC 61850	Publishers provide information to the network generally independently of what devices may need to use the information. Subscribers take information off the network as information arrives on the network
	rated burden	CIGRE TB 431	The value of the burden upon which the accuracy requirements of a specification are based rating The nominal value of an energizing quantity which appears in the designation of a relay; the nominal value usually corresponds to the CT and VT secondary ratings
	Red-black separation concept	CIGRE TB 427	Refers to the careful segregation in cryptographic systems of signals that contain sensitive or classified plaintext information (RED signals) from those that carry encrypted information, or cipher text (BLACK signals).
	redundancy	CIGRE TB 431	The design practice of replicating the sources of a function so that the function remains available after the failure of one or more items
	Refurbishment:	CIGRE TB 448	System Level (Bay or Substation) is the process of major maintenance or minor repair to the existing infrastructure with the intention of improving the remaining lifetime at a minimum cost. Example: Replacement of a number of protective relays within one or more bay while retaining the existing cubicles.
	Reliability	IEC 60870-4	a measure of an equipment or a system to perform its intended function under specified conditions for a specific period of time
	Repair:	CIGRE TB 448	Device Level restoring of the device functionality after failure
	Replacement:	CIGRE TB 448	Device Level : replacing of a device by one of a similar type or functional equivalent.
	Replacement:	CIGRE TB 448	System Level (Bay or Substation) is the process of replacing the majority of the existing infrastructure with the intention of improving the remaining lifetime and the functionality. Example: replacement of a complete protection cubicle retaining the interfaces to the primary system, i.e. CT’s, VT’s.
	Retrofit:	CIGRE TB 448	System Level (Bay or Substation) refers to the addition of new technology or features to older systems with the intention of improving the functional level at a minimum cost. Example: replacing old electromechanical relays by new digital relays (existing cubicles are fitted with new digital relays) often using the same housing.
	Revocation	CIGRE TB 427	The process by which privileges and access rights are removed (cancelled or annulled)
	Revoked	CIGRE TB 427	The state of being cancelled or annulled.
	Risk management	CIGRE TB 427	Establishment and maintenance of security processes to mitigate the consequences of a vulnerability that can be exploited.
	Safety	IEC 60870-4	its ability to avoid placing the system in a potentially dangerous or unstable situation
	SCADA WAN		The telecommunications network providing communication paths between stations and between the station communication network and the SCADA Master Station. The SCADA WAN boundary ends at the WAN connection point on the station router/firewall.
	sectionaliser	CIGRE TB 431	see ‘switched busbar circuit-breaker’
	Security		its ability to avoid intrusion and disturbances from the outside world
	Security	CIGRE TB 427	See IEEE Dictionary definitions for software and computer resources, but for this technical brochure exclude the definition for the degree of certainty that a relay or relay system will not operate incorrectly. Note: in this technical brochure the term security should always be restricted to the context of cyber security.
	sensitivity	CIGRE TB 431	The minimum value of the energizing quantity(ies) required to just cause operation of a relay under specified conditions
	setting	CIGRE TB 431	The limiting value of a ‘characteristic’ or ‘energizing’ quantity at which the relay is designed to operate under specified conditions.
	stability	CIGRE TB 431	The quality whereby a protective system remains inoperative under all conditions other than those for which it is specifically designed to operate
	State	CIGRE TB 424	A component or unit state is a particular condition or status of a component or a unit, which is important for outage reporting purposes
	static relay	CIGRE TB 431	An electrical relay in which the designed response is developed by electronic, magnetic, optical or other components without mechanical motion.
	Station Communication Network		The entire Ethernet LAN within a station. The station communications network boundary is at WAN network connection points on the station’s router/firewall.
	Supervisory (V)LAN		The part of the station communications network used for the implementation of automation functions and SCADA.
	Supplicant	CIGRE TB 427	An entity that wants to have access.
	switched busbar circuit-breaker	CIGRE TB 431	In a substation a circuit-breaker, connected in series within a busbar between two busbar sections.
	Synchrophasors	CIGRE TB 424	A phasor calculated from data samples using a standard time signal as the reference for the measurement. In this case, the phasors from remote sites have a defined common phase relationship
	Telecom infrastructure		This term is used to designate the wide area communication network of Integral Energy that is used to provide the information exchange between different substations as well as to the Master Stations.
	Terminal (Bay)	CIGRE TB 424	A functional facility (substation, generating station or load centre) includes components such as bus sections, circuit breakers and protection systems, and where transmission units terminate.
	Threat	CIGRE TB 427	Any indication, circumstance or event with the potential to disrupt or destroy critical infrastructure or any element thereof, including accidents, natural hazards as well as deliberate attacks.
	through fault current	CIGRE TB 431	A current due to a power system fault external to that part of the section protected by the given protection and which flows through the protected section
	transfer busbar	CIGRE TB 431	A back-up busbar to which any circuit can be connected independently of its bay equipment, (circuit-breaker, instrument transformer) the control of this circuit being ensured by another specific bay, available for any circuit.
	transfer tripping	CIGRE TB 431	see ‘intertripping’
	Trust	CIGRE TB 427	An attribute of an entity that is relied upon to a specified extent to exhibit an expected behavior
	Trustworthiness	CIGRE TB 427	An attribute or trait of the system which causes it to be deserving of trust (see definition of trust) and confidence
	Unit	CIGRE TB 424	A unit is a group of interconnected components that can be isolated from the system as a unit to clear a fault on any of the components in the group.
	Upgrade	CIGRE TB 448	Device Level improving of the device functionality or performance (firmware, software or hardware)
	Vulnerability	CIGRE TB 427	An expression of the system’s lack of ability or reduced ability to withstand an unwanted situation, limit the consequences, and to recover and stabilize after the occurrence of the situation, where an unwanted situation is a situation with real or potential death or injury of people or loss of economic value.
	Wi-Fi	CIGRE TB 427	An industry standard for products based on IEEE 802.11 as defined by the Wi-Fi alliance – an industry consortium
	zone selection	CIGRE TB 431	see ‘dynamic bus replica’

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